https://educationalinformation001.blogspot.com/2018/09/information-about-pollution.html
Pollution:- Pollution is the main and most important topic in the world .Polluted water or garbage in the water bodies is a type of pollution.The increase in the pollution over the years by man has caused severe damage to the earth’s ecosystem.
Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat, or light. Pollutants, the elements of pollution, can be foreign substances or energies, or naturally occurring; when naturally occurring, they are considered contaminants when they exceed natural level.
Polluted water or garbage in the water bodies is a type of pollution.In other words, pollution means a sudden change in the environment due to emission of pollutants such as carbon monoxide etc. But after decades of pollution controls and infrastructure improvements, and 10 years after a federal consent decree, the City of Indianapolis is hoping to shape a brighter future for the White River.
The good news is that some of these efforts, along with other pollution control measures are beginning to pay off.
A few months after the new chemical factory opened, the large amount of pollution that was dumped into the ocean caused severe damage to the marine ecosystem.
By the middle of the 20th century, an awareness of the need to protect air, water, and land environments from pollution had developed among the general public.
The increase in the pollution over the years by man has caused severe damage to the earth’s ecosystem. It is responsible for global warming which is leading to the end if all the lives on earth. Over the years there is an extreme increase in the rate of human diseases, and death rate of various animals and plants on earth, and that is all because of the pollution caused by man himself.
⇝⇝⇝⇝⇝ Type of pollution⇜⇜⇜⇜⇜
.Air Pollution
Air pollution is the most common and the most dangerous type of pollution. It involves the direct release of chemicals into the environment. The chemicals then become the part of the air around us that all the living things take in.
..Causes of Air Pollution
1. Burning of Fossil Fuels
Pollution emitting from vehicles including trucks, jeeps, cars, trains, airplanes cause immense amount of pollution. We rely on them to fulfill our daily basic needs of transportation2. Mining operations
During the process dust and chemicals are released in the air causing massive air pollution. This is one of the reason which is responsible for the deteriorating health conditions of workers and nearby residents.
3. Combustion From Fossil Fuels
The leading culprit today is traffic, but factories and power plants also continue to contribute to some extent. Conventional power plants that combust fossil fuels to produce energy emits hazardous gases such as oxides of nitrogen, Carbon Monoxide, particulates, and hydrocarbons into the air.
4.Fly ash
Fly ash is ejected mostly by thermal power plants as by products of coal burning operations. Fly ash pollutes air and water and may cause heavy metal pollution in water bodies. Fly ash affects vegetation as a result of its direct deposition on leaf surfaces or indirectly through its deposition on soil. Fly ash is now being used for making bricks and as a land fill material.
.Soil pollution
The concern over soil contamination stems primarily from health risks, from direct contact with the contaminated soil, vapors from the contaminants, and from secondary contamination of water supplies within and underlying the soil.
...Causes of soil pollution
.Effects of Soil Erosion
Crops can be completely ruined, resulting in delay and reseeding, which is costly. Plants could become sandblasted resulting in a decreased yield. Soil drifting depletes fertility and continual drifting can change the texture of soil. Acid rain, when fumes released from industries mix with rain.
.Industry
The biggest culprit in soil pollution is industrial activity. Even as laws are passed and precautions are taken, mining and manufacturing continues to be a major cause of soil pollution. Industrial waste, whether as part of the job, improper disposal, or due to accidents, wreaks havoc on the soil.
.Water Pollution
Diffuse water pollution is caused by various sources, which are often hard to identify. Individual sources may be relatively small, but the combined effect of numerous sources can be damaging. Diffuse pollution has a greater impact on the water environment than any other source of pollution.
Water pollution from unsustainable agricultural practices poses a serious risk to human health and the planet’s ecosystems, a problem often underestimated by policymakers and farmers alike, cautions a new report.Usually, it means one or more substances have built up in water to such an extent that they cause problems for animals or people.
Oceans, lakes, rivers, and other inland waters can naturally clean up a certain amount of pollution by dispersing it harmlessly
...Causes of water pollution
.Sewage
According to 2015 and 2016 figures from the World Health Organization, some 663 million people (9 percent of the world's population) don't have access to safe drinking water, while 2.4 billion ''40% of the world's population'' don't have proper sanitation "hygienic toilet facilities",although there have been great improvements in securing access to clean water, relatively little progress has been made on improving global sanitation in the last decade.
Sewage disposal affects people's immediate environments and leads to water-related illnesses such as diarrhea that kills 525,000 children under five each year.
.Waste water
Wastewater is "used water from any combination of domestic, industrial, commercial or agricultural activities, surface runoff or stormwater, and any sewer inflow or sewer infiltration".It also includes stormwater and urban runoff, agricultural, horticultural and aquaculture effluent.
.Nutrients
Nutrient pollution and harmful algal blooms cause major environmental damage as well as serious health problems in people and animals.It is harmful because it removes oxygen from the water that kills other forms of life, leading to what is known as a dead zone. The Gulf of Mexico has one of the world's most spectacular dead zones.
Nutrient pollution and algal blooms also take a toll on the economy, hurting industries and sectors that depend on clean water.
Most Polluted countries
.All are listed by air pollution index
1.Mongolia
Pollution level reached to 279 ug/m3.
2.Botswana
Pollution level reached to 216 ug/m3.
3.Pakistan
Pollution level reaching to 198 ug/m3
4.Senegal
Pollution level reaching to 145 ug/m3.
5.Saudi Arabia
Pollution level reaching to143 ug/m3
6.Egypt
Pollution level of 138 ug/m3
7.United Arab Emirates (UAE)
The pollution level of 132 ug/m3
8.Iran
Pollution level reaching to 124 ug/m3
9.Nigeria
Pollution level reaching to124 ug/m3
10.Kuwait
Polluted level reaching to 123 ug/m3.
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